AHOLII SHAHR VA DEHOT

Paydoishi shahrho tarikhi qadima dorad. Onho markazi mamury, savdo, hunarmandy va mudofiai harby budand. Ba- robari rivoji industriyai kaloni moshiny, nakdiyot va bo- zori jahony dar onho sohahoi gunoguni sanoat taraqqi kar- da, bisyorashon ba markazi mamury, nakliyotu savdo va mu- omilot tabdil meyoftand. Dar asri XX vazifai shahrho boz ham murakkab shudan girift. Nufuzi onho hamjun markazhoi mamuriyu madany afzud. Tarakkii sohahoi gayriistehsoly mavkei shahrhoro hele baland namud.
SHahrhoi imruza oda- tan bisyorvazifaand. Vale shahrhoi yakvazifa niz mav- judand va onho asosan shahri sanoaty, bandary, ilmiyu kurorty va hatto poytahty meboshand.
Dar zamoni hozira joy- girshavii aholiro geogra- fiyai shahrho muayyan meku- nadu mikdori onho dahho hazor ast. Ibtidoi asri XX dar dunyo 300 shahr, ohiri solhoi 80-um 2,5 hdzor shah- ri kalon vujud dosht, ki dar onho 30 darsadi aholii jahon sokin bud. Dar bayni in shahrho bo nom shahrhoi «Millioner»-ro fark mekunand, ki aholii onho az 1 mln nafar besh ast, mikdori «Millioner»- ho holo ba 400 rasidaast. 38 shahri jahon az 5 mln nafar ziyod aholy dorand.
Dar aksari mamlakathoi tarakkikarda hissai aholii shahr 75-80 darsad ast. SHahrho toraft ba mahalhoi girdu atrofashon tasiri hamajoniba merasonand.