HAT VA PAYDOISHI ON

Dar barobari nutqi ovozi khat vositai ilovagii mubo- dilai afkori odamon ba shumor meravad.

Hat dar natijai zarurati rasondani fikri odamon az yak qabila ba qabilai digar, az yak mavze ba mavzei digar, az yak nasl ba nasli digar paydo shudaast.

Dar ibtido khat shaklhoi bisyor dagalu noqulay va sodalavhona dosht. Hathoi hozira shakli bisyor inkishofyof- ta va suftai khathoi ibtidoiyand.

Paydoish va mavjudiyati khat chun vositai mubodila dar hayoti jomea sahmi muhim dosht va dorad.

Hat imkon dod, ki odamon vaqtu masofaro sarfa kunand, tajribai bashariro nigoh dorand, onro az yak nasl ba nas- li digar intiqol¹ doda, boyu gani gardonand, az tajribai hamdigar bahra bigirand. Mahz ba tufayli khat inson im- kon yoft, ki az dastovardhoi guzashtagon omuzad, onhoro in- kishof dihad.

Ahamiyati khat dar peshburdi hayoti siyosi niz kalon ast. Har yak tagyiroti siyosi-ijtimoi ba vositai khat az yak mintaqa ba mintaqai digar, az yak davlat ba davlati digar meguzarad.

Sahmi khat dar inkishofu peshrafti hayoti ilmiyu mada- nii jomea, adabiyotu sanati millatu khalqho niz khele kalon ast. Mahz ba vositai khat in sohahoi hayoti odamon az nasl ba nasl intiqol yoftaast.

Hathoi ibtidoi bisyor sodalavhona budand. Onho tavas- suti khudi predmetho, surati onho yo simvoli (ramzi) onho ifoda karda meshud. Gerodot – muarrikhi YUnoni qadim (asri V to erai mo) chunin hikoyate meorad, ki guyo skifho (qabila) ba forsho surati qurboqqa, mush, parranda va panj tirro kashida mefiristand va in ramzi on bud, ki «agar forsho misli qurboqqa ba ob, misli mush ba surokhie, misli parranda ba havo parand ham, bo in panj tir kushta meshavand».

Helhoi gunoguni khat, az jumla, piktografi, ideografi, fonografi va gayra mamuland.