HUQUQ BA VOSITAHOI FARDIKUNONII_ ISHTIROKCHIYONI MUOMILOTI GRAJDANI, MOL, KOR VA HIZMATRASONIHO

NOMI FIRMAVI

Dar muomiloti grajdani dar barobari fardikunonii shakhsoni voqei, zarurat ba fardikunonii shakhsoni huquqi niz joy dorad. Dar m. 55 KG omadaast, ki shakhsi huquqi nomi khudro dorad, ki dar on ba shakli tashkiliyu huquqiash ishora karda meshavad. Nomi shakhsi huquqi dar hujjathoi tasisii on nishon doda meshavad. Vale khud ba khud nomi shakhsi huquqi obekti hifzi huquqi molikiyati zekhni nest, zero muomilo- ti molumulki ba on niyoz nadorad. Binobar in, na hama vosi- tahoi fardikunonii ishtirokchiyoni muomiloti grajdani bo qonunguzorii molikiyati zekhni hifz megardand.

Dar muomiloti grajdani shakhsoni huquqie ishtirok mekunand, ki ba tavri kasbi maqsadashon ba dast darovarda- ni foida va yo imtiyozhoi moliyavi buda, ba istehsoli mol, khizmatrasoni va gayra doimo mashgul meboshand. Dar in jo zarurati mutaqobila ba fardikunonii onho ba miyon meoyad: az yak taraf, kontragentho, istemolkunandagon va gayra dar boetimodii subekte, ki bo on sarukor dorand, manfiat- dor meboshand. Behuda nest, ki tarikhan paydoishi nomi firmavi dar Italiyo bo funksiyai asosii on, nishondod ba shakhse, ki az rui ahdho masuliyat dorad, vobasta bud.

Az tarafi digar, khudi subekt havasmand va manfi- atdor ast, ki nomi uro ba tavri muayyan bishinosand va bo in nom maruf shuda, uro bo digar subekton omekhta naku- nand. In omili muhimi ba dast ovardani foida, imtiyoz va RK meboshad. Sarfi nazar az chunin tabiati «ikhtiyorii» no- mi firmavi, muomiloti muosir talaboti hatmiro nisbat ba shakhsoni huquqii tijorati guzoshta, qonunguzorii graj- danii Tojikiston muqarrar menamoyad, ki chunin shakhson bo- yad nomi firmavi doshta boshad. Zarurati doshtani nomi firmavi tanho ba shakhsoni huquqii tijorati dar inkishofi. Hamin tavr, qonunguzorii grajdanii JT imkoniyati doshtani nomi firmaviro tanho nisbat ba shakhsoni huquqii tijorati peshbini karda, qismi boqimondai shakhsoni hu- quqi tanho nomi rasmi doshta metavonand, harchand dar ama- liya bazan bo nomi firmavii shakhsoni huquqii gayriti- jorati va sohibkoroni infirodi niz duchor shudan mumkin ast. Masalan, dar oinnomai muassisai davlatii «Mudiri- yati mintaqai zeriobshavandai Nerugohi barqi obii Rogun», ki bo qarori Hukumati JT az 6 yanvari s. 2011, № 3 tasdiq shudaast. YO in ki q. 5 m. 133 KG ishora ba nomi firmavii assotsiatsiyaho kardaast.

Qobili zikr ast, ki mafhumi rasmii nomi firmaviro qonunguzorii Tojikiston peshbini nakardaast, vale dar asosi tahlili nizomnoki meyorhoi gunogun va adabiyoti hu- quqi chunin mafhumro peshkash kardan mumkin ast: nomi fir- mavi gufta nomero (ifodaero) menomand, ki funksiyai fardi- kunonii shakhsi huquqii tijoratiro doshta va subekti maz- kur bo istifodai on dar muomiloti grajdani ishtirok me- kunad. Hamin tavr, tainoti asosii nomi firmavi – in far- dikunonii shakhsi huquqii tijorati meboshad, vale hamzamon digar naqshhoro niz ijro mekunad (marufgardi, foidai ilo- vagi va gayra).

Tanzimi umumii nomi firmavi dar Tojikiston guza- shtai tarikhi dorad. Hanuz dar solkhoi avvali hokimiyati shuravi dar KG JSHSFR (s. 1922) va badan dar Dekreti KIMU va SHKH JSHSFR muqarrarot oid ba nomi firmavi joy dosht. Sipas Nizomnoma dar borai firma bo qarori KIM IJSHS va SHKH IJSHS az 22 iyuni s. 1927 tasdiq shud (bo tagyirot az 17 avgusti s. 1927), ki amali on dar tamomi hududi sobiq IJSHS pahn megardid.

Azbaski sanadi mazkur rasman bekor nashudaast, dar adabiyoti huquqi chunin aqida hast, ki meyorhoi on dar qismi bo qonunhoi amalkunanda mukholifnabuda, to hol amal mekunand. CHunin ba nazar merasad, ki masalai az amal bozmondani on, bo qabul shudani q. 4 KG Rusiya komi- lan hal shud. Bo dar nazardoshti q. 2 m. 7 Qonuni JT «Dar borai sanadhoi meyorii huquqi» ehtimoliyati chunin amalro dar Tojikiston niz takhmin kardan mumkin ast, harchand is- tifoda va yo tatbiqi on az tarafi maqomoti huquqtatbiqku- nanda va shakhsoni vakolatdor mushohida namegardad.

Davrai digari inkishofi tanzimi huquqii nomi firmavi bo qabul shudani KG Tojikistoni shuravi (az 28 dekabri s.1963) aloqamand ast. Dar m. 29 kodeksi mazkur omada bud, ki shakhsoni huquqi doroi nom buda, huququ vazi- fahoi faoliyati khojagi, ki bo istifodabarii nomi firma vobastaand, ki bo qonunguzorii IJSHS muayyan karda me- shavand. Dar partavi on farmonhoi Rayosati SHuroi Olii IJSHS niz qabul shuda budand, ki tartibi nomguzorii mua- ssisa va tashkilotro muayyan mekardand.

Davrai minbadai inkishofi qonunguzori dar sohai nomi firmavi ba qabul shudani sanadhoi parokandae, ki masalahoi juziro hal mekardand, khususiyatnok ast. Masa- lan, Qonuni JT «Dar borai molikiyat dar Jumhurii Tojikiston» az 14. 12. 1996s., ba sifati obekti molikiyati zekhni nomi firmaviro peshbini karda bud (m. 4).

Dar Tojikiston, okhirhoi solhoi 90-umi asri guzashta kushishi qabuli sanadi yagona ham shuda bud. Hatto loihai Nizomnoma «Dar borai nomi firmavi» va badan loihai Qonuni JT «Dar borai nomi firmavi» omoda shud.^[1] Vale bo sababhoi gunogun in sanadho to haddi rasmi narasidand. Imruz niz bo dar nazardoshti manfiathoi tanzimi on, kushishhoi qabuli qonuni makhsusgardonidashuda mushohida megardad. Aslan tajribai baze davlatho nishon doda isto- daast, ki chunin sanadi yagona dar asl funksiyai khudashro ijro karda nametavonad. Masalan, dar Jumhurii Qir- giziston hanuz 23 dekabri s. 1999 Qonun «Dar borai nomi firmavi» qabul shuda bud, vale ba joyi halli masala, tan- zimi huquqii onro boz ham mushkiltar gardonid.

Harchand maqsad dar yak sanad girdovarii hamai pahluhoi tanzimi huquqii nomi firmavi bud, boz zarurati havola ba digar sanadhoi meyori peshomad. Az in jost, ki in qonun chandon samara nadoda istodaast. Guzashta az on, guza- ronidani sanjish az rui nomi firmavi dar sharoiti nabu- dani manbai yagonai ittiloot (misli obekthoi huquqi pa- tenti va yo to hadde nisbat ba tamgahoi moli) mushkil va no- mumkin buda, kushishi tatbiq namudani m. 8 Konvensiyai Pa- rij niz benatija meboshad.

Inchunin sanjishi nomi firmavi muhlati tuloniro gi- rifta (dar Qirgiziston on ba 15 ruz barobar ast), ba is- lohote, ki dar sohai baqaydgirii shakhsoni huquqi va sodda- gardonii baqaydgirii sohibkoron dar Tojikiston guzaro- nidashuda (nizomi «Ravzanai yagona»), binobar ba vujud omadani moneahoi navi mamuri, khalal merasonand.

Binobar in, ba andeshai mo, az qabuli sanadi yagona di- da, takmili KG muvofiqi maqsad ast, zero khohem nakhohem khususiyat va unsurhoe, ki dar nomi firmavi boyad joygir sha- vand, dar sanadhoi meyorii makhsus, ki vazi shakhsi huquqii muayyanro tanzim mekunad, peshbini karda meshavand. Masa- lan, nomi firmavii jamiyati sahomi, nomi firmavii jamiyati sahomie, ki ba faoliyati bonki mashgulast va gayra. Dar aksi hol az nizomi duzina (KG-qonunhoi makhsus), JT ba nizomi sezina (KG-qonuni makhsus-qonuni nomi) guza- shta, masalaro bozham murakkab megardonad. In aqidaho hargiz manoi onro nadorad, ki holati huquqhoi nomi firmavi imruz dar Tojikiston dar sathi lozima buda, za- rurati korkardi meyorhoi navro nadorad. Sukhan tanho dar borai samaranokii sathi on meravad, ki ba andeshai mo dar doirai KG muvofiqtar ast. Bo nazardoshti guftahoi bolo, harchand dar adabiyoti huquqii vatani, bazan oid ba nabu- dani sanadi meyorii huquqie, ki holati huquqii nomi firmaviro dar Tojikiston muayyan mekunad, andesharoni meshavad, boyad qayd namud, ki imruz majmui sanadhoi meyo- rii huquqie amal mekunand, ki dar sathi lozima mu- nosibathoi mazkurro tanzim karda istodaand. Albatta, agar sukhan dar borai yak sanade ravad, ki komilan holati huquqii nomi firmaviro tavonad muayyan kunad, chunin andeshaho du- rustand. Inak, nizomi sanadhoi meyorii huquqie, ki holati huquqii nomi firmaviro dar Tojikiston muayyan mekunand, chunin guruhbandi kardan mumkin ast:

1). Qonunguzorie, ki khususiyati universaly dorand. Ba in guruh KG dokhil meshavad. Dar KG yak qator moddahoe mavjudand, ki munosibatho vobasta ba nomi firmavi, az jumla talabot nisbat ba onro tanzim mekunand. Hususiyati tanzimi nomi firma dar KG dar on ast, ki in qonun ham nom va tarkibi nomi firmavi, talaboti baqaydgirii on, inchu- nin tartibi istifodai nomi firmavi va oqibathoi vayron kardani huquq ba nomi firmaviro peshbini kardaast. CHunone qayd shuda bud, dar m. 55 KG omadaast, ki shakhsi huquqi nomi khudro dorad, ki dar on ba shakli tashkiliyu huquqiash ishora karda meshavad. Nomi tashkilothoi gayri- tijorati, korkhonahoi vohidi davlati va dar holathoi peshbininamudai qonun tashkilothoi digari tijorati boyad ishora ba khususiyati faoliyati shakhsi huquqiro doshta boshad. Ba nomi shakhsi huquqi dokhil kardani ishora ba nomi purra yo mukhtasari rasmi (nomi davlat), ba unsurhoi asnod yo mavodi reklamavii shakhsi huquqi dokhil kardani chunin nom yo unsurhoi ramzi davlati muvofiqi tartibi muayyannamudai Hukumati JT ijozat doda meshavad.

Nom va mahalli joygirshavii shakhsi huquqi dar hujjat- hoi tasisii on nishon doda meshavad. SHakhsi huquqie, ki tashkiloti tijorati meboshad, boyad nomi firmavi doshta boshad. SHakhsi huquqie, ki nomi firmavii on muvofiqi tar- tibi muqarrargardida ba qayd girifta shudaast, baroi is- tifodai on huquqi istisnoi dorad.

SHakhse, ki nomi ba qayd giriftashudai firmavii shakh- si digarro gayriqonuni istifoda mekunad, bo talabi sohibi huquqdori nomi firmavi uhdador ast istifodai on- ro qat karda, ziyoni rasonidaashro jubron namoyad.

Dar barobari in, yak qator moddahoi digar niz mavju- dand:

malumot dar borai baqaydgirii davlati, az jumla baqaydgirii tashkilothoi tijorati, nomi firma ba Feh- risti yagonai davlatii shakhsoni huquqi va sohibkoroni in- firodi dokhil karda meshavad, ki baroi shinosoii umum dastras meboshad (q. 1 m. 51 KG);
nomi firmavii shirkati komil boyad inhoro dar bar girifta boshad: nomi (unvoni) hamai ishtirokchiyoni on, in nomi firmavii shirkati ba bovari asosyofta boyad az nomi (nomgui) hamai sharikoni komil va kalimahoi «shir- kati ba bovari asosyofta» yo «shirkati kommanditi» va yo az nomi (nomgui) na kamtar az yak shariki komil bo ilovai ka- limahoi «… va sharikonash» va kalimahoi «shirkati ba bo- vari asosyofta» yo «shirkati kommanditi» iborat boshad (q. 4 m. 87 KG);

nomi firmavii jamiyati doroi masuliyati mahdud boyad nomi jamiyat va iborai «doroi masuliyati mahdud»- ro doshta boshad (q. 2 m. 94 KG);
nomi firmavii jamiyati doroi masuliyati ilovagi boyad nomi jamiyat, inchunin iborai «doroi masuliyati ilovagi»-ro dar bar girad (q. 2 m. 105 KG);
nomi firmavii jamiyati sahomi boyad nomi on va ishorai sahomi budani jamiyatro dar bar girifta boshad (q. 2 m. 105 KG);
nomi firmavii kooperativ boyad nomi on va kalima- hoi «kooperativi tijorati»-ro dar bar girifta boshad (q. 3 m. 118 KG);
nomi firmavii korkhonai davlati boyad ishora ba so- hibmulki onro doshta boshad (q. 3 m. 124 KG);
nomi firmavii korkhonai ba huquqi idorai opera- tivi asosyofta, boyad ishora ba on doshta boshad, ki korkhonai makhsusi (kazonii) davlati ast (q. 4 m. 127 KG);
nomi firmavii assotsiatsiya boyad ishora ba maqsadi asosii faoliyati on va maqsadi asosii faoliyati azoi onro bo ilovai kalimahoi «assotsiatsiya» yo «ittifoq» dar bar girifta boshad (q. 5 m. 133 KG);
ba nematu huquqi molumulki hamchun obekti huquqi grajdani nomi firma dokhil karda shudaast (q. 2 m. 140 KG);
ba hayati korkhona hamchun kompleksi molumulki no- mi firmavi dokhil shudaast (q. 2 m. 144 KG);
huquqi istisnoii shakhsi huquqi ba nomi firmavi etirof karda shudaast (m. 152 KG).

Guzashta az on, qismi 2 KG nomi firmaviro dar muomi- lot tanzim kardaast. Masalan, muvofiqi q. 3 m. 589 KG tib- qi shartnomai furushi korkhona huquqi istifodai nomi fir- mavi, agar dar shartnoma tartibi digare peshbini nagar- dida boshad, ba kharidor meguzarad. YO khud tibqi m. 958 KG hu- quq ba nomi firmavi az jumlai majmui huquqhoi mustasnoe meboshad, ki tibqi shartnomai imtiyozi tijorati mumkin ast ba istifodabaranda doda shavad.

Dar qismi 3 KG meyorhoi muayyan oid ba nomi firmavi mavjud meboshand.

Dar barobari in, m. 55 KG peshbini mekunad, ki tarti- bi baqaydgiri va istifodai nomi firmaviro qonunho mu- tobiqi KG muayyan menamoyand.

. Qonunguzorie, ki baqaydgirii davlatii shakhsoni huquqiro peshbini mekunad. Ba on Qonuni JT «Dar borai baqaydgirii shakhsoni huquqi va sohibkoroni infirodi» do- khil meshavad. Qobili zikr ast, ki tibqi Konvensiyai Parij nomi firmavi sarfi nazar az baqaydgiri hifz karda mesha- vad. Binobar in, baqaydgirii nomi firmavi yagon amali mu- staqil nabuda, tibqi qonunguzorii Tojikiston tanho on ba Fehristi yagonai davlati vorid megardad, ki hamzamon bo baqaydgirii shakhsi huquqi amali meshavad (misli nomi di- gar shakhsoni huquqi). Muvofiqi m. 8 qonuni mazkur Fehri- sti yagonai davlati nomi purrai firmavii (dar holati mavjud budan, inchunin nomi kutoh) shakhsi huquqi bo zaboni davlatii va malumot dar borai tagyiryobii onro dar bar megirad. Az in ru, dar ariza baroi baqaydgirii davlatii shakhsi huquqi boyad malumot dar borai shakli tashkiliyu huquqii shakhsi huquqi va nomi purrai (dar holati mavjud budan, inchunin nomi kutoh) firmavii shakhsi huquqi bo za- boni davlatii JT nishon doda shavad.

Bo dar nazardoshti in khususiyat, boyad m. 55 KG sharh do- da shavad. Sukhan dar borai muqarrarot oid ba on meravad, ki shakhsi huquqie, ki nomi firmavii on muvofiqi tartibi muqarrargardida ba qayd girifta shudaast, baroi istifo- dai on huquqi istisnoi dorad.

CHunone ki mebinem, nomi firmavii shakhsi huquqi boyad bo zaboni davlati boshad. In talabot az 1 iyuli s. 2009 amal karda istodaast. Az hamin sana sar karda, boyad nomi ta- momi shakhsoni huquqi bo zaboni davlati ba qayd girifta meshudand. Vale dar tatbiqi on, amaliya ba digar samt inki- shof yoft. Qobili zikr ast, ki muvofiqi m. 18 Qonuni JT «Dar borai zaboni davlatii Jumhurii Tojikiston» nomgu- zorii maqomoti hokimiyati davlati, vazoratu idoraho, in- chunin tashkilothoi digar, novobasta az shakli tashkiliyu huquqi, ba zaboni davlati boyad surat girad. Qismi 3 hamin modda muqarrarote dorad, ki ham galat va ham nomuayyan ast. Muvofiqi on nomi tashkilothoi khoriji va mushtarak ba zabonhoi digar niz bargardonida meshavand. Dar in jo iborahoi «tashkilothoi khoriji», «tashkilothoi mushtarak» va «bargardonida meshavad» sharhro talab mekunad.

Tanho in sharh dar amaliya be darnazardoshti du ma- fhumi avval surat girift. Dar natija, shakhsoni huquqii doroi nomhoi firmavii zerin paydo shudand: Sapop – Ka- mon, CHujaho – SIskep – Siplyata, Tgaus1 aps! Tig -Trevel end Tur va gayra.

Ba andeshai mo, nomi firmavii shakhsoni huquqi boyad tanho bo zaboni davlati ba qayd girifta shavand. Mazmuni meyorhoi qonunguzorii amalkunanda ba joy doshtani yagon khel bargardon imkoniyat namedihand. Qonunguzorii Tojikiston oid ba baqaydgirii shakhsoni huquqi imkoniyati doshtani nomi firmaviro bo digar zabon (dar barobari no- mi firmavi bo zaboni davlati, ki hatmi ast) peshbini nakardaast. Amalan aksari shakhsoni huquqi bo digar za- bonho niz doroi nomi firmavi meboshand.

Mushkiloti digari qonuni mazkur dar on ast, ki ba- qaydgiri va dar Fehrist joy dodani tanho nomi firmaviro peshbini kardaast. In dar holest, ki tibqi on shakhsoni hu- quqie niz ba qayd girifta meshavand, ki doroi nomi fir- mavi nameboshand.

. Qonunhoi JT, ki holati huquqii shakhsoni huquqii tijoratii alohidaro muayyan mekunand. Ba in guruh dokhil meshavand: Qonuni JT «Dar borai jamiyati doroi masuli- yati mahdud». Muvofiqi m. 3 qonuni mazkur jamiyat nomi purrai rasmi doshta, huquq dorad ba zaboni davlati doroi nomi mukhtasar boshad. Nomi purrai firmavii jamiyat ba zaboni davlati boyad nomi purrai jamiyat va iborahoi «do- roi masuliyati mahdud»-ro doshta boshad. Nomi mukhtasari firmavii jamiyat boyad doroi nomi purra yo mukhtasari jamiyat va kalimahoi «doroi masuliyati mahdud» yo ikhtiso- ri JDMM boshad. Nomi firmavii jamiyat dar zaboni dav- lati digar istiloho va ikhtisorkhoe, ki shakli tashkiliyu huquq, az jumla az zabonhoi khoriji giriftashudaro inikos menamoyand, doshta nametavonad, agar sanadhoi meyorii huquqhoi JT qoidai digarro peshbini nakarda boshand; Qonuni JT «Dar borai korkhonahoi davlati». Muvofiqi m. 8 Qonuni mazkur nomi firmavii korkhonai davlati boyad do- roi nishondod ba sohibi molumulk budan, mahsubiyat ba namudi molikiyati davlati (chumhuriyavi yo kommunali) – ro doshta boshad. Nomi firmavii korkhonai subekti huquqi peshburdi khojagidori doshta, boyad doroi nishondod ba kor- khonai vohidi davlati budani onro doshta boshad. Nomi firmavii korkhonai huquqi idorai operativi doshta, boyad doroi nishondod ba korkhonai davlati budani onro doshta boshad.

Inchunin muvofiqi m. 19 in qonun korkhonahoi davlati metavonand ba assotsiatsiyaho (ittifoqho) muttahid sha- vand. Assotsiatsiya (ittifoq) doroi nomi firmavi buda, dar on maqsadi asosii faoliyati on va azoyash bo ilovai kali- mahoi «assotsiatsiya» yo «ittifoq» nishon doda meshavad. CHunin holat bahsnok ast, zero ittifoqho va digar it- tihodiyahoi jamiyati tashkilothoi gayritijorati mebo- shand va dar nisbati onho dodani chunin imkoniyat barkhurdi bisyori aqidahoi ilmiro ba vujud meorad va baroi amaliyai huquqi niz nofahmo meboshad; Qonuni JT «Dar borai jamiyathoi sahomi». Muvofiqi m. 5 Qonuni mazkur jami- yati sahomi doroi nomi firmavii khud meboshad va boyad dar nomgui khud kalimahoi «Jamiyati sahomii kushoda (JSK)» yo «Jamiyati sahomii pushida (JSP)» doshta boshad; Qonuni JT «Dar borai faoliyati bonki». Dar m. 8 qonuni mazkur unsurhoe, ki dar nomi firmavi istifoda shuda metavonand va yo nametavonand, peshbini shudaast.Nomgui qonunhoi gu- ruhi mazkur bo in mahdud nameshavand.

. Qonunguzorie, ki istifodai nomi firmavi va yo baraks mani istifodai onro peshbini mekunad. Masalan, muvofiqi m. 9 Qonuni JT «Dar borai tamgahoi moli va tamgahoi khizmatrasoni» ba sifati tamgahoi moli alomat- hoe ba qayd girifta nameshavand, ki aynan nomi firmavii dar JT nisbat ba molhoi yakkhela hifzshavanda (yo qismi nomi firmavi) va namunai sanoatie, ki huquqi shakhsoni digar dar ba onho to sanai avvaliyati tamgai molii baqaydgiriftasha- vanda ba vujud omadaast, meboshand. Muvofiqi m. 10 Qonuni JT «Dar borai himoyai huquqi istemolkunandagon» isteh- solkunanda (ijrokunanda, furushanda) uhdador ast, ki nomi firmavii (nomi) tashkiloti khud, mahalli joygirshavi, ni- shonii huquqi va rejai kori onro roygon ba malumoti is- temolkunanda rasonad.
. Qonunguzorie, ki hifzi huquq ba nomi firmavi oqi- bati vayron kardani konunguzorii ziddiinhisori va hifzi manfiathoi digaronro hamchun manfiati ommavi peshbini mekunand. Qonuni JT «Dar borai raqobat va mahdudkunii faoliyati inhisori dar bozorhoi mol». Muvofiqi m. 7 qo- nuni mazkur istifodai khudsaronai nomi firmavi hamchun shakli raqobati bevijdonona donista shuda, ba on roh doda nameshavad. Maqomoti davlatii ziddiinhisori huquq dorad dar surati mavjud budani alomathoi vayronkunii qonungu- zorii ziddiinhisori dar borai on parvanda ogoz namuda, onro barrasi namoyad va az rui natijai barrasii on karor barorad va ba subekthoi khojagidor baroi ijroi hatmi amriya dar borai digar kardan yo mahdud namudani istifodai nomi firmavi dihad (m.13); Inchunin Tartibi nomguzori va digar kardani nomi korkhonahoi davlati, istgohhoi rohi ohan, furudgohho, tashkilotu muassisaho, talimgohho, in- chunin obekthoi fizikiyu nugrofi, ki bo qarori Hukumati JT az 31 oktyabri s. 2009, № 609 tasdiq shudaast; KHM. Dar m. 377 KHM baroi istifodai gayriqonunii nomi firmavi javobgarii mamuri peshbini shudaast; KJ JT. Dar m. 275 Kodeksi mazkur baroi istifodai gayriqonunii nomi firmavi agar on takroran pas az dodani jazoi mamuri so- dir gardida yo ba miqdori kalon zarar rasonida boshand (zi-

^[1]Ismailov SH.M. Pravovie aspekti intellektualnoy sobstvennosti // Gosudarstvo i pravo.- Dushanbe, 1998. – № 1. – S.42.