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Hislathoi paydoshavi va inkishofi ilmi iqtisod

Dar nazari mo nishon dodan zarur ast, ki manidodu tasnifi doir ba tarikhi ilmi iqtisod peshgiriftai avrupoiyon, ki holo dar jahon pahn va etirof shudaast, baroi sarzamini mo muvofiqat namekunad. Zero ki aqidahoi avval doir ba masoili iqtisod dar CHin, Hinduston, Eron va Osiyoi Miyonai kadima hanuz dar davroni Peshdodiyon, 3-4 hazor sol peshtar hamchun jabhai judogonai hikmat ba miyon omada bud. Zeri mafhumi hikmat boshad, dar mamoliki SHarqi Qadima jomei ilm va falsafayu farhangro mefahmidand. On zamonho guyo ilmu falsafa yakkhela nomguzori shuda budand.

Mahz bo hamin sababho niz mutafakkironi on zamonai khalqi tojikro amalan bo nomi «hakim», yane faoliyat barandai jabhai hikmat nomguzori mekardand. Az jumlai hakimon Rudaki, Firdavsi, Abunasri Forobi, Aburayhoni Beruni, Zakariyoi Rozi, Abualii Sino va digaroni ziyod yodras meshudand. Harchand bo sababhoi malum bobati Zardusht, Mazdak, Moni va yak qatori digaron in iborat hol korburd nameshavad.

Meboyad iqror kard, ki khislatkhoi farqkunandai ilmi iqtisod hamchun sababgori namoyoni khele dertar ba sahnai faoliyat baromadani vay gardidaast. YAne agar fardangu falsafa, riyoziyotu tabiat ilmhoi avvalu nakhustin nihoyat barvaqt ba arzi vujud rasida boshand, ilmi iqtisod ba hissai ilmi «soni» mansubiyat dorad. Baroi ba faoliyat rasidani vay natanho kamoloti muayyani khudi jahonbiniyu jahonshinosii miyonai bashari, balki peshraftu inkishofi dilkhohi quvvahoi jomea niz hamchun poyavu takyagohi munosibathoi iqtisodii jomea zarur budaast. Mahz ba tufayli hamin natijaho tafakkuri bashari to andozae dertar ba andesharoniyu mulohiza dar jabhai masoili iqtisod omada merasad va az in kushishho ba natijahoi dilkhoh noil megardad.

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Daromad, sarchashma, omil va shaklkhoi asosii tashakkuli on

Dar adabiyoti muosiri iqtisodi tahti daromad qismi afzudai arzish (qimat)-i moli istehsolgardida nisbat ba kharojoti …