Qonuni arzish – Arzish va narkhi molho

Meboyad iqror shud, ki konuni arzish tuli asrhoi okhir diqqati omuzandagonu tadqiqgaronro ba khud jalb karda meoyad. SHoyad qonuny arzish yake az qonunhoi az hama ziyodtar tadqiqu omukhtashavanda boshad. Ammo manidodu sehri on to zamoni mo ham bo purragii komil darku anik karda nashudaast.

Malum ast, ki molho dar bozori raqobati komil muvofiqi andozai mehnati zarurii jamiyatii tajassum kardaashon mubodila karda meshavand. Az in bois ham har qadar masrafi mehnat ba vohidi moli muayyan kamtar boshad, sohibkoru furushgar hamon qadar daromadi ziyodtapro ba dast meovarand. Az in sabab istehsolgaron kushishi kam kardani masraf va fuzun gardonidani hosilnokii mehnatro piyoda karda meoyand. Tehnika va tekhnologiyai nav, rohjovu vositahoi kamkunandai masraf istehsolgaronro ba maqsadashon hohand rasonid. Binobaron ravnaqu peshrafti istehsoloti moli be- intiho davom yofta, dar peshravii jomea musoidat karda metavonad.

Qonuni arzish bo vasilai muaiyan kardani narkhho ba ta- nosubhoi istehsoloti jamiyati niz tasir merasonad, onro idoravu tanzim menamoyad. Istehsolgari judogona dar hamai mavridho dar nazdi hud maqsadi kam kardani masrafashro pesh megirad. CHunki bo in roh daromadi umumi ziyod karda shuda, faoliyati voqei foidanoktar megardad. On hojagihoe, ki foidaashon bosurat muafzoyad va daromadnokiashon baland megardad, toraft sohibi mablagi kaloni foida meshavand va baroi rivoju ravnaqi istehsolot imkonoti ziyodtarro sohib megardand.

Arzishi bo pul ifoda kardashudai molhoro narkh nomidaand. YAne andozai voqeii narkh dar hissai namoyon ba buzurgii arzish barobar meboshad. Ammo dar davrai hukmronii mekhanizmi bozorii raqobati nokomil narkhho az arzishi molho farq karda meistand.

Dar nazari mo narkh hamchun mafhumi iqtisodi yake az ravishhovu jarayoni nihoyat namoyonu pahnoi munosibathoi iqtisodii jomea va mardumonro nishon doda metavonad. Okhir ba mafhumi «narkh» hamagon: chi kharidoronu va chi furushgaron, tavlidgaronu istemolgaron va digaru digarho saru kor dorand. Guyo biduni «narkh» va amalu istifodai vasei on hayoti odamon ravishu machroi dilhohro ba hud girifta nametavonand. «Narkh» amalan mazmun, tainot va zuhuroti voqeii arzishi molho meboshad, ki in khislati vayro az istifodai amaliash mushohida kardan imkoniyatpazir ast.

Dar amali khojagidorii Ittihodi SHuravii sobiq tamomi ravishho va zuhuroti narkhu narkhguzori bar zimmai sohtorhoi alohidai davlati voguzor shuda budand. In sokhtorho dar hissai namoyon ba tavri taqribi va be yagon asosi muayyan narkhhoi molhovu khizmathoro peshnihod mekardand. Mardumon biduni shakku shubha in peshnihodotro qabul mesokhtand. Dar oqibati in nizomu ravandho ba amali hojagidoriyu iqtisodiyot zararhoi kalone rasonida meshudand.

Dar iqtisodiyoti bozorgonii ozod faoliyat baranda narkhu narkhguzori az ikhtiyoru qarordodi sohtorhoi davlaty berun karda shuda, hamchun yak chabhoi amaliyoti hojagidorii firmaho va shahrvandon ba ikhtiyoru salohdidi onho voguzoshta meshavad. CHunin tarzu usuli narkhguzori imkon faroham meovarad, ki sathi faoliyati ozodonai vohidho va subektkhoi hojagidorii mamlakat nazarnamo khele baland bardoshta shavad. In dar navbati hud ba ozodii faoliyat va shakhsiyat niz tasiri namoyon merasonad.

Hamin tavr, faoliyati ozodonai hochagidoriyu amalkardi mardumonro ba roh namonda ba shahrvandon ozodii huquqii komilro tamin namudan berun az imkon ast. Mahz bo hamin sababho amali hochagidoriyu narkhguzorii davroni iqtisodiyoti bozorgoni biduni dakholati bevositai sokhtorhoi davlitiyu digarho, yane ozodona ba roh monda meshavad. Dar in guna holat narkhho hamchun natijai aqidahoi dar bayni furushgaronu kharidoron ba miyon ovarda shuda joy khohand dosht.