MAFHUMHOE, KI DAR QONUN ISTIFODA SHUDAAND

Dar qonuni mazkur mafhumhoi asosii zerin istifoda meshavand:

anana – majmui arzishhoi moddi va manavii merosi ijtimoiyu farhangii jomea yo guruhhoi alohidai jamiyati buda, az nasl ba nasl meguzarad;

marosim – majmui amalhoi ramzie meboshad, ki munosi- bati shakhson va guruhhoi ijtimoiro ba padidahoi muhimmi hayoti farhangii jomea muqarrar menamoyad;

jashn – tajlili ruydodho yo sanadhoi tarikhiyu farhan- gi, jamiyati, kasbi va oilavi meboshad.

Anana shakli zohiryobii hodisai ijtimoii takroryo- banda ast. Misol, ananai domodtalabon, arusbinon, id- gardaki kudakon dar ruzhoi id va g. Matlabi qonun shakli zohiryobii rasmu qoidahoest, ki az nasl ba nasl meguzarand. Anana ba khotiri on ba yak odati takroryobanda tabdil meyo- bad, ki vay az yagon jihat talaboti moddi va manavii oda- monro qone megardonad. Anana dar tafovut az odathoi huquqi az jonibi jamiyat pushtiboni yofta, doimo bo fa- rorasii vaqt va holathoi muayyan takror meyobad. Anana nisbat ba odati huquqi beshtar khususiyati umumi dorad. Odat beshtar alomati infirodi dorad. Masalan, odati sa- lom dodan, odati nikoh bastan, odati oilador kardani far- zand dar bayni tojikon va g. Anana hamchun holati judo- gonai zohiryobii hodisai ijtimoi ba doirai vasei odamon khos buda, dar amali gardidani on shumorai ziyod, kollektiv yo guruh ishtirok mekunand. Ananai khatnai kudak, tuyi do- modiyu arusi, ananai jashni Navruz va g. az jumlai onhost. Dar holathoe, ki anana az doirai talaboti manfiati jamiyat berun rafta, tanho ba manfiati shakhsiyathoi judo- gona yo guruhi muayyan khizmat mekard, davlat va qonunguzor onro tanzim karda, doirai zohiryobii onro dar hududi man- fiati azoi jomea va davlat nigoh medoshtand.

Marosim pesh az hama, amali ramzist. In amal tanho yak amali judogona nabuda, balki majmui in amalhoro faro megirad. Marosimi chil baroi mardumi mo duovu fotiha yo marosimi sol az sadaqa dodan, libosi azo partoftan va am- soli inho iborat ast. Mahz hamin khislatho ramzi budani marosimro muayyan menamoyand. Marosim bo padidai margu azodori beshtar aloqa dorad, albatta, mumkin ast, ki ma- rosim bo hodisahoi khursandi yo dini niz payvastagi doshta boshad. Dar qonun marosim dar du modda tanzim shudaast: moddai 11. «Marosimi dafnu azodori» va moddai 12. «Ma- rosimi haj». Qonun marosimro tanho az nazari iqtisodi tanzim namuda, nameguzorad, ki barguzorii on ba sharoiti moddii mardum zarar rasonad. Guzashta az in, baroi on ki marosim ba maqsadi aslii khud muvofiqat kunad, ba talabo- ti dini islom yo dini digare, ki dar asosi on barguzor me- shavad muvofiq buda, ba arzishhoi insoni mutobiq boshad, qonun zarurati tanzimi onro peshbini mekunad.

Jashn hamchun tajlili ruydodho yo sanahoi tarikhiyu farhangi, jamiyati, kasbi va oilavi dar moddai 2 bayon gar- didaast. Jashn hamchun tajlili ruydod, solgardi tasisyo- bii vazoratu idora, korkhonayu muassisaho va solgardi shakh- soni voqei fahmida meshavad. Jashn hamchun sanai tarikhi, misli qabuli yagon hujjati taqdirsoz (ba monandi Konsti- tutsiyai Jumhurii Tojikiston), sanai tarikhii kasbi, idi sohavi (ruzi kormandoni tib, omuzgor, militsiya va g.) va sanai tarikhiyu farhangi hamchun zodruz shudanash mumkin ast. Az in ru, dar qonuni mazkur du namudi jashnho mavri- di tanzim qaror giriftaand: jashnhoi rasmi (moddai 7) va gayrirasmi (moddai 8. Zodruz).

Tibqi moddai 4 ijroi talaboti qonuni mazkur az tara- fi maqomoti vakolatdor, ki Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikis- ton muayyan mekunad, amali karda meshavad.

Baroi amali namudani talaboti qonuni mazkur Kumi- tai oid ba korhoi din, tanzimi anana va jashnu marosimi millii nazdi Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston ba sifati maqomi vakolatdor tasis doda shudaast. Dar sokhtori Ku- mitai oid ba korhoi din, tanzimi anana va jashnu maro- simi millii nazdi Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston (min- bad – Kumita) Rayosati tanzimi anana va jashnu marosim hamchun masuli soha faoliyat mekunad. Dar viloyatho shu- baho, dar shahru nohiyaho bakhshho va dar jamoathoi shahraku dehot sarmutakhassison oid ba korhoi din, tanzimi anana va jashnu marosimi milli nazorat va tatbiqi qonuni maz- kurro ba uhda dorand.

Kumita vazifahoi ba zimmaash guzoshtashudaro mus- taqiman va dar mahalho tavassuti shubaho, bakhshho va sar- mutakhassison oid ba korhoi din, tanzimi anana va jashnu marosimi milli dar hamkori bo digar maqomoti markazii hokimiyati ijroiya, ittihodiyahoi jamiyati va digar tashki- lotho amali mesozad. Kumita faoliyati maqomoti hokimi- yati davlati, maqomoti ijroiyai mahallii hokimiyati dav- lati, maqomoti khudidorai shahrak va dehot, ittihodiyahoi jamiyati va digar tashkilothoro dar masalahoi siyosati davlati oid ba tanzimi anana va jashnu marosim hamohang mesozad.

Baroi durust ba roh mondani ijroi talaboti qonun dar hamai vazoratu idoraho va korkhonayu tashkilotho komissi- yahoi jamiyati jihati targibu tashviqi qonun va fahmonda dodani talaboti on tasis doda meshavand. Mutobiq ba mod- dai 51 qonun dar vazoratu idoraho, korkhonaho, muassisaho va tashkilotho, sarfi nazar az shakli molikiyat va shakli tashkiliyu huquqi, ki dar onho na kamtar az 30 nafar kor- mand faoliyat mekunad, komissiyahoi jamiyati tasis doda meshavand. Komissiyahoi jamiyati rioyai talaboti qonunro nazorat namuda, jihati peshgirii qonunvayronkuni dar in samt, tadbirhoi zaruri meandeshand.

Jihati amali namudani qonuni mazkur dar nazdi maqo- moti ijroiyai hokimiyati davlatii viloyatho, shahru nohi- yaho va jamoathoi shahraku dehoti kishvar komissiyahoi do- imii mahallii tanzimi anana va jashnu marosim tasis doda meshavand.

Nizomnomai namunavii komissiyahoi doimii mahalli- ro Hukumati Jumhurii Tojikiston tasdiq mekunad.

Nizomnomai komissiyahoro majlishoi vakiloni khalqi Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon, viloyatho, shahri Dushanbe, shahru nohiyaho va jamoathoi shahraku dehot tas- diq mekunand. Komissiyaho baroi on doimi nomida mesha- vand, ki faoliyati onho doimi va muntazam surat megirad. Hayati on mumkin ast tagyir yobad, sokhtorash digargun sha- vad, vale khudi komissiya doimi faoliyat mekunad. Sokhtor va shumorai azoi komissiyahoi doimii mahalli bo farmon yo qarori raisoni Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon, viloyatho, shahru nohiyaho va jamoathoi shahraku dehot tas- diq karda meshavad.

Vakolati komissiyahoi doimii mahalli az inho iborat meboshand:

• nazorat oid ba tanzimi anana va jashnu marosim tibqi talaboti qonun;
• tahiyai tavsiya va dasturhoi amali baroi kamkharj guza- ronidani jashnu marosim;
• ba qayd giriftani tuyi domodiyu arusi va marosimi azodori, inchunin peshburdi omor dar in samt;
• tabligi adabiyoti ilmiyu ommavi oid ba tanzimi ana- na va jashnu marosim va g.