Malumoti umumy dar borai proeksiyasozy

• Pro- eksiya kalimai lotiny buda, dar zaboni tojiky ba manoi «suyi pesh afkandan» meoyad. Tasvirhoi jismhoro dar naq- sha muvofiqi qoidahoi Standarti davlaty bo usuli pro- eksiyasozii rostkunja ijro mekunand. Proeksiya tasvi- ri makhsus meboshad. Usuli sokhtani onro az misoli zerin fahmidan mumkin ast.

Biguzor dar fazo nuqtai dilkhohi A va yagon hamvory, ma- salan, P doda shuda boshad (rasmi 38 a). Az nuqtai A khatti roste meguzaronem va nuqtai burishi onro (Ar bo hamvo- rii P muayyan mekunem. Nuqtai A^ proeksiyai nuqtai A me- shavad. Hamvorii P^-ro hamvorii proeksiyaho va khatti ros- ti AA₁-ro shuoi proeksiyakunanda menomand. Bo yorii khatti rosti AA^ nuqtai A dar hamvorii P proeksiya meafkanad. Bo in usul proeksiyai hamai nuqtahoi jismhoi gunogunro paydo kardan mumkin ast, yane baroi dar hamvory sokhta- ni proeksiyai yagon jism az nuqtahoi on shuohoi proek- siyakunanda guzaronida, to bo hamvorii proeksiyaho bu- rida shudan davom dodan lozim ast. Proeksiyahoi hama nuqtahoi jism proeksiyai hamin jismro tashkil medihand.

Sokhtani proeksiyai yagon shakli geometry, masalan, se- kunjaro nishon medihem (rasmi 38 b). Proeksiyai nuqtai A dar hamvorii P nuqtai A meshavad, ki on dar natijai burishi shuoi proeksiyakunandai AA^ bo hamvorii pro- eksiyahoi P paydo meshavad, yane tasviri nuqta nuqta meboshad.

Nuqtahoi V^ va S proeksiyahoi nuqtahoi V va S mebo- shand. Agar mo nuqtahoi A_r V^ va S-ro payvast kunem, se- kunjai A, V, S, paydo meshavad, ki on proeksiyai sekunjai AAAS meboshad. Pas proeksiya tasviri makhsusest, ki dar natijai az nuqtahoi jism guzaronidani shuohoi pro- eksiyakunanda va yoftani nuqtahoi burishi in shuoho bo hamvory paydo meshavad.

Agar dar ruyi kogaz shakli hamvorro, masalan, tangaro guzored va dar atrofi on bo qalam khat kashed, on goh tas- vire paydo meshavad, ki ba proeksiyai hamin shakl (davra) muvofiq ast. Soyai jism, kinokadr va g. misolhoi proek- siya meboshand.