ODOBI RUZGORDORII PISARON

ODOBI RUZGORDORII PISARON

Farhangi ruzgordorii tojikon ananahoi khele boy dorad. Az qadimulayyom dar oila ba tar- biyavu tashakkuli odobi ruzgordorii farzandon, az jumla, pisaron diqqati khossa doda meshud. Hanuz dar kitobi «Avasto» khusu- siyathoi makhsusi odobi zist va ruzgordorii javonpisaron aks yoftaast. Hangome, ki javonon ba kamol merasidand, ba in munosibat marosimi makhsus barguzor meshud. Dar on pironi kor va mardoni khirad shirkat mevarzidand va ba

javonpisaron pirohani muqaddas pushonida, ka- marband mebastand. Bad az in javonon huquqhoi muayyani ijtimoi, az jum- la, tashkili oilaro paydo mekardand, ba dushi onho digar vazifa va masuli- yathoi jamiyati guzoshta meshudand. In tadbirhoi hayoti va hakimona bo taqozoi tajribai ijtimoi andeshida va istifoda meshudand. Zero javonpisar dar oyanda boyad himoyatgari Vatan, mardi khirad- mand, sarvaru sarpanohi oila shavad.

Tajribai tamadduni insoni nishon medihad, ki maqomi ham zan va ham mard dar oila bagoyat buzurg ast. Onho shoh- sutunhoi oila meboshand. Muhammad Iqbol farmudaast:

Mardu zan vobastai yakdigarand,

Koinoti shavqro suratgarand.

Modar, agar bakhshandai hayot, nigahboni otashi kho- nadon boshad, padar razzoq, rahnamovu himoyatgari oila ast. Padar hamesha baroi baqovu poydori, ravnaqu rivoj, behbudivu obodi, taminu baland bardoshtani sathi zinda- gi, sihatmandivu saodatmandii har yak azoi khonadon jah- du jadal va jonfidoi mekunad.Tibqi sunnathoi milli va hamchunin Konstitutsiyai Tojikiston hifzi manfiatu sha- rafi kishvar, oila va khidmat ba onho baroi har yak mard, javonpisar qarzi farzandi, vazifai muqaddamu muqaddas mahsub meyobad.

Vatan-modar mafhumi az hama azizu mutabar ast. Kishvar, Vatan na tanho makonu zamin, tabiati zebo, kuhu daryovu chashmasoron, farhangu zabon, tarikhi guzashtavu imruza, hammillaton va kulli khalqiyathoi maskun, balki volidon, ahli khonadon, nazdikon va kheshu aqrabo meboshand, ki har yak shahrvand, khossa mard, javonpisar, pesh az hama, dar gami hifzu khidmati onho boyad qaror doshta boshad.

Har yak javonpisar boyad az padaron, mardoni shujoat- mand, qahramonhoi millat darsi javonmardi, khidmat ba Vatan va oilaro omuzad. In sabaqomuzi mahz az ovoni khurdi dar oila ogoz shuda, minbad rivoj meyobad.

Muallifi «Qobusnoma» Unsurulmaolii Kaykovus dar in asar roje ba on, ki padarash uro chi guna tarbiya karda, hunarhoi gunogunro talim dodaast, malumoti khele ibrat- omuz meovarad. Muallif naql mekunad, ki padarash ba u az khurdsoli khatu savod, hunarhoi gunogun, az jumla, aspsavori, sanati harbu zarb, nayzazani va shinovariro meomuzad. Bo guzashti ayyom, hangome ki vay ba haj bo rohi bahr meravad, kishtiashon ba girdob duchor meoyad. Az bistu panj nafar kishtinishastagon tanho se nafar, yane Kaykovusu gulomash va yak muysafed ba sharofati donistani sanati shinovari az marg najot meyoband. Az in ru, Kaykovus dar nasihatno- mai khud navishtaast, ki az fazlu hunar farzandro biyomuzi, zero har hunarevu fazle ruze ba kor oyad.

Pisaron barobari az padarashon omukhtani akhloqi ha- mida, adlu insof, dalerivu shujoat va kasbu hunarhoi gu- nogun, qoidavu taomuli ruzgordoriro niz az bar mekunand. Odatan, javonpisar dar khona beshtar korhoi jismoniro ijro mekunad. Korhoi tamiru sokhtmoni havli, bogdori, nigohubini chorvoi khona, ovardani suzishvori, kashonidani ob, bardoshtani borhoi gunogun , berun kardani partov va gayraro pisaron bar uhda dorand.

Javonpisar ba andozae az uhdai tamiri ducharkha (velo- siped), asbobhoi odii barqi, vaslak, rozetka, vilka, baze tajhizoti tekhnikii khona, televizor va gayra boyad baroyad. Hamchunin, boyad istifodai kompyuter va digar tajhizoti navi tekhnikiro donad. Har yak javonpisar vazifador ast, ki bo asbobhoi gunogun, az jumla, belu kaland, arravu tesha, anburu murvattob (otvyortka), vasoiti otashnishoni kor kar- da tavonad. Gayr az in, vay boyad asbobu anjomhoi mavsufro ehtiyot karda, onhoro dar yak joyi muayyan nigoh dorad, to ki dar vaqti zaruri onhoro ba tezi yofta, istifoda barad.

Pisar sahar az khob khesta, havoi khonaro toza mekunad. Gimnastika, varzishi sabuk mekunad. Agar dar havli chor- vo, parandagon va hayvonoti khonagi boshand, nigohubin mekunad. Sabzavu darakhtonro vobasta ba mavsimi sol me- parvarad. Zamini nazdi havliro shudgor mekunad. Bahoron, khususan dar tobiston, ki zamini obchakori, niholi gulho, darakhtonro, ki obtalab meshavand, sahar yo begoh obyori me- kunad.

Ba modar, agar non pukhtani boshad, baroi kashonidani hezum va alav mondan dar tanur kumak mekunad. Pisar dar rubuchini khonavu havli va omoda kardani nahori ba dukhtaro- ni khona madad merasonad. Badi bozgasht az maktab dar khona baroi pukhtani khuroki peshin yori medihad. Sipas, fursate istirohat karda, ba khondani kitob, ijroi vazifahoi khona- gi shugl mevarzad. Hatman, agar yagon asbobi barqi yo tekhniki vayron shuda boshad, onro tamir mesozad yo dar mavsimi kishti in yo on tukhmi ishtirok mekunad. Azbaski vaqt bisyor qimat ast, payvasta amal karda, fursatro hargiz behuda na- meguzaronad. Ruz va soathoi muayyan dar mahfilhoi in yo on namudi varzish va hunaromuzi shirkat mevarzad.

Pisari khona begoh ba chorvo, parandagon, hayvonoti khonagi gizo medihad. Baroi omoda kardani khuroki shom ba volidon madad merasonad. Badi khurok dar shustani kosavu tabaq yori medihad. Dar girdi dastarkhon badi tanovul na- tijai ruz, koru khonishro yakjoya muhokima karda, suporishu vazifahoi ruzi oyandaashro muayyan mekunad. Sarulibosro darzmol, poyafzorro toza karda, kitobu daftar, qalam va kulli lavozimoti maktabro baroi pagoh omoda karda memo- nad. Badi sayrugashti, pesh az khob girdu atrofi khonaro az nazar meguzaronad, dari kucharo qulf mekunad. Oinai nil- gun, garmkunaki barqi, kompyuter va digar tajhizoti tekhni- kiro az manbai barq judo menamoyad.

Har yak javonpisar gayr az on vazifahoe, ki bevosita bar uhdai vay hastand, korhoi digari khojagidoriro dar khona boyad ijro karda tavonad. Hamrohi volidon yo khudash az bozoru magoza mavoddi ruzgorro kharida ovarad. Tibqi sunnathoi milliamon javonpisar, ki baroyash donistani chil hunar kam ast, odobi jomashuyi, khurokpazi, khonarubi, obposhi, darbehkuni, sharthoi kharidu furushro niz boyad do- nad. Zero hayot mushkili va pastivu balandiho dorad. Han- gome ki padar dar safari khidmati yo modar bemor yo digar azoi oila dar khona huzur nadorand yo ki ba taqozoi zindagi ba yagon shahru kishvari digar safar kardaand, gayr az kasbu peshai asosiash hunarhoi khurokpazi, jomashuyi, darzmolu darbehkuni baroi pisar ba kor meoyand.

Har yak javonpisar barobari boadabu boaql, notarsu daler, donandai qoidahoi ruzgordori budan, boyad payvasta ba varzish shugl varzida, tanashro obutob dihad, sanati gushtingiri, harbu zarb va navhoi digari varzishro donad, to ki hangomi zarurat khud, volidon, khoharonu nazdikon va khurdsolonro himoya karda tavonad.

Boyad donist, ki vazifa va taqsimoti mehnat dar oila khususiyati sharti dorad. Pisaron gayr az rioyai odobi ruz- gordorie, ki bar uhdai onhost, dar ijroi vazifahoe, ki dukhtaron anjom medihand, boyad shirkat varzand. Dar Kon- stitusiyai Tojikiston zikr shudaast: «Mardon va zanon ba- robarhuquqand». Binobar in, chi pisaron va chi dukhtaron
naboyad tanho bo shartu vazifahoi ruzgordorii pisarona yo dukhtarona mahdud shuda, ba taassub roh dihand. Onho vo- basta ba sharoit va zarurati peshomada amal karda, boyad khidmati volidon va ahli khonadonro bashoistagi ba jo orand va tajribai khubi ruzgordoriro az khud kunand.

Dar hayoti oilavi farzandon ba volidon dastyoru ma- dadgor, dar ruzgordori yorirason buda, barobari in chashmi koru taomuli kadkhudoivu zindagiro az khud mekunand. Onho baroi dar oyanda tashkil kardani manzil va oiladori, ba- roi ijroi vazifahoi ijtimoi va shahrvandi, burdani hayoti mustaqilona tayyor meshavand. Har qadar marifatnoki ba- land, khususan, donishi ilmi ruzgordoriyu tadbiri manzil mukammal va tajribai ruzgordori nagz az khud shuda boshad, hamon andoza har yak pisaru dukhtar dar tashkilu idorai sho- istavu namunavii oila va saodati oilavi metavonad muvaf- faq gardad.

Mavoddi ilovagi

• Iqtibos az «Tojikon»-i B. Gafurov

Dar ovoni qadim «Javonon hangomi ba kamol rasidan (ovoni 15 – solagi) marosimi irtiqaro ba din va jamoa me- guzashtand. Dar majlisi guruhi bizoatmandon ba onho ka- marband va pirohani muqaddas bakhshida meshud. Ba in amal hamchun «tavalludi duvumi» inson nazar mekardand. Tanho pas az in javon uzvi komilhuquqi jamoa meshud, … uhdado- riho girifta va aqdi nikoh basta metavonist».

• Az «Devon»-i Loiq SHerali

Qarzi farzandi

Mard on, ki ba korzori hasti, Bekhanjaru besipar baroyad. Bekhanjaru besipar, valekin, Bo javhari sad hunar baroyad. Bahri kamu beshi millati khud, Bo beshu kami jahon sitezad. On jo, ki birekht khuni nofash, Boyast, ki khuni dil birezad.