OMUZISHI GEOGRAFIYAI TOJIKISTON DAR DAVRAI ISTIQLOLIYAT

OMUZISHI GEOGRAFIYAI TOJIKISTON
DAR DAVRAI ISTIQLOLIYAT

Ba dast ovardani istiqloliyat dar qatori digar peshraviho baroi inkishof dodani ilm, az jumla ilmi geografiya imkoni- yati kalon faroham ovard. Baroi on ki sharoiti navi siyosi va guzarish ba iqtisodiyoti bozorgoni dar nazdi khojagii khalqi mamlakat vazifahoi nav ba miyon guzosht. YAke az muhimtari- ni onho tamin namudani bekhatarii iqtisodi meboshad. Hal namudani in masala hamatarafa va amiq omukhtani zaminai tabiii rushdi iqtisodi – tabiat va sarvathoi tabiii jumhu- riro talab namud. Tarafhoi alohidai onro pajuhishgohhoi sohavii Akademiyai ilmhoi Jumhurii Tojikiston tajdidi nazar namudand.

Dar tahqiqu peshnihodi istifodai samaranoki zakhirahoi tabii sahmi sarvathoi minerali, obi, energetiki va gayra khele ziyod vujud dorad. Hususan, ba zakhirahoi obi va obiyu barqi diqqati khos doda shudaast. Tojikiston dar miqyosi Osi- yoi Markazi doroi zakhirai kaloni nerui obiyu barqi meboshad. Az tarafi digar dar bisyor nohiyahoi kurai Zamin mintaqahoe vujud dorand, ki norasoii zakhirahoi obiyu barqi, khususan obi nushoki baroyashon ba masalai avvalindaraja tabdil yoftaast.

Mahz hamin masalai umumiinsoni va oqilona istifoda burdani sarvathoi obiyu barqii jumhuri Prezidenti mamla- kat Emomali Rahmonro vodor namud, ki oid ba on az minbari Ijlosiyai 54-umi Sozmoni Milali Muttahid (s.1999) sukhan- roni namuda, soli 2003-ro soli obi toza elon namoyad, ki az tarafi mamlakathoi jahon dastgiri yoft. Ba in khotir mohi sentyabri soli 2003 dar shahri Dushanbe forumi baynalmila- lii «Obi toza» doir gardid va olimonu korshinoson az mam- lakathoi gunoguni jahon in masalaro hamatarafa tahlil na- mudand. Onho jiddi budani in masalaro ba inobat girifta, solhoi 2006 va 2015-ro hamchun marhalai «Ob baroi hayot» bar- rasi namudand va davom dodani in iqdomi nekro tavsiya do- dand. Vobasta ba in dar jumhuri baroi hamatarafa omukhtanu oqilona istifoda burdani zakhirahoi obiyu barqii jumhuri 14

Pajuhishgohi ilmiyu tahqiqotii zakhirai ob, gidroenegetika va ekologiya tashkil karda shud. Hamai in chorabinihoi miqyosi jahoni va jumhuriyavi ba peshravii korhoi ilmiyu tahqiqoti va nashr gardidani yak qator asarhoi ilmiyu talimi kumak rasonid. Soli 2001 kitobi M. Rahimov «Tabiat va sarvathoi tabiii Tojikiston» az chop baromad, ki on dar maktab dar ra- viyai «fanhoi tabiivu riyozi» dar sinfi H talim doda mesha- vad. Dar fasli obhoi dokhilii in asar oid ba nav, zakhira, istifoda, istemol va muhofizati ob malumoti vase doda shudaast. Doir ba masalai zakhira, istifoda va muhofizati obhoi Tojikiston asari ilmii «Zakhirai obi Tojikiston» (2003) ba tab rasid, ki onro Akademiyai ilmhoi jumhuri ba chop omoda namud. Digar asari ilmie, ki ba obhoi dokhilii jumhuri bakhshida shudand, kitobi Tohirov I. G., Kupayni G. D. «Zakhirai obhoi Tojikiston» dar 2 jild, 1995; Muhabbatov H. «Ob manbai hayot», 2003; Abrorov H. «Tojikiston – kishva- ri kulhoi benazir», 2003; Murtazoev U. «Obanborhoi Toji- kiston va tasiri onho ba landshafti atrof», 2006 va gayra ba shumor meravand. Dar in davra silsilai kitobhoi darsi baroi maktabhoi oli va miyona niz az chop baromadand: S. Hu- doyberdiev, M. Rahimov «Jugrofiyai Tojikiston» (s.2002, baroi donishjuyoni maktabhoi oli), M.Kabutov «Geografiyai Tojikiston» (s.2004), M. Nurnazarov, H. Muhabbatov «Geog- rafiya» (s.1999, baroi dokhilshavandagoni maktabhoi oli), M. Nurnazarov, M. Rahimov «Hojagii khalqi Tojikiston» (1994). soli 2004 atlasi maktabi baroi sinfi 8 («Geografiyai Toji- kiston») avvalin marotiba dar jumhuri az chop baromad.